An Investigation of a Novel Triangle-Shaped Sierpinski Microstrip Patch Antenna for Implantable Biomedical Applications

This research study's objective is to develop a unique, high gain triangle-shaped Sierpinski fractal antenna utilizing a FR4 epoxy substrate at frequencies between 1.0 GHz and 3.0 GHz, and to evaluate its performance in comparison to a square-shaped microstrip patch antenna (MPA). There are 2 groups in this study. Group 1 refers to the triangle-shaped Sierpinski fractal antenna with 26 samples and Group 2 refers to square shaped microstrip patch antenna with 26 samples. The confidence interval is 95%, the threshold is 0.05%, and the G Power value is 80%. The observed gain from the novel triangle-shaped Sierpinski fractal antenna has 27.3709 dB to 68.6663 dB and the gain of the square shaped MP A have -21.0381 dB to - 0.1775 dB. The novel triangle-shaped Sierpinski fractal antenna's best frequency for maximum gain was 1.5 GHz, with a significance level of around 0.000423 (p 0.05). In this work, it is observed that the gain of novel triangle-shaped Sierpinski fractal antenna is significantly better than square shaped microstrip patch antenna for implantable biomedical applications.