Unknown source solution coherence algorithm based on uniform circular array

Due to the requirement of specifying the number of coherent sources in most coherence-based algorithms, this paper addresses the infeasibility of coherent source reconstruction for uniform circular arrays under unknown source conditions, and proposes an improved algorithm based on matrix reconstruction. Initially, by transforming the uniform circular array into a virtual uniform linear array through pattern space transformation, each row of the sample covariance matrix is utilized to construct a full-rank Toeplitz matrix. Leveraging the jointly diagonalizable structure of the complete set of Toeplitz matrices constructed from the rows, a novel sample function is designed that doesn’t require prior source information, achieving Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation using spatial spectral estimation. The proposed algorithm demonstrates high resolution in low SNR and unknown source scenarios. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified through simulation results.