Hybrid Renewable and Battery Energy Sources with Electric Vehicles in Islanded DC Micro-Grid

As the number of electric vehicles (EVs) interfacing the grid is increasing nowadays the loading on conventional AC grid/microgrid increases which brings the grid equipment into stress. DC microgrid (DCMG) is a viable option to reduce this stress by utilizing more renewable sources like PV, wind, and energy storage systems to inject power into the grid. This paper proposes a DCMG control structure in islanded mode as an EV charging solution to the present infrastructure and reduces the dependency on conventional AC grid. The sources interfacing the DC microgrid are PV, wind, and battery modeled as an EV. Bi-directional DC-DC converter (BDDC) is used by the battery energy storage system (BESS) for their control. Microgrids are capable of supplying the local loads during the islanding situation. Island microgrids that can utilize regional distributed energy resources (DERs) are crucial in remote areas. By integrating BESS and electric vehicles into vehicle-to-grid mode operation, the islanding capabilities can be enhanced. The controller performance is tested and validated in the MATLAB Simulink environment.