Observing Environmental Conditions in IoT Based Hydroponics Farming for Better Cucumber Cultivation

Hydroponics offers another option for managing plant nutrition alongside phytotron cabinets. Having access to such a system will also substantially improve research on rhizome formation. Numerous research studies have been published on the optimization of nutrient solutions, plant responses to different growing conditions, and the development of new hydroponic systems. Nutrient management is crucial in hydroponic systems to optimize plant growth and prevent nutrient imbalances or deficiencies. This paper details the development a smart, low-cost IoT-based control and monitoring system tailored specifically for hydroponics greenhouses. There are three distinct kinds of sensor nodes that make up the system. The central (master) node manages the pump, keeps an eye on the greenhouse's water quality, and relays information collected from the slave nodes. Slaves equipped with environmental sensors keep an eye on the greenhouse's atmosphere and report back to the mothership. A quick look at the system's reliability shows that it can handle a number of temporary problems without human involvement. Conventional farming and hydroponics were compared based on the usage of resources, namely water consumption rates (L/kg), energy consumption rates (kWh), and energy requirements (kW). This analysis makes use of case studies on the farming of cucumbers. The study found that hydroponics has zero-soil cultivation, utilization of land efficiency, growing environment cleanliness, chemical and resource savings, usage of water a decrease, and sustainability. High investment prices, technical expertise requirements, and increased energy demand were identified as the main drawbacks of hydroponics when compared to conventional growing. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of utilizing a smart hydroponic setup in cucumber cultivation. By integrating advanced technologies such as IoT, sensors, and simulation models, the smart hydroponic setup was able to optimize various aspects of cucumber cultivation.