Computational and DOE Assessment of Heat Transfer and Thermodynamic Second Law in Closed Medium with Internal Fan

This article presents an optimization study focused on heat transfer enhancement and irreversibility minimization in a two-dimensional square cavity with an elliptic heating element and internal fan. The study utilizes a Box-Behnken design of experiments (DoE) model to systematically explore the effects of input factors on heat transfer and irreversibility. The results reveal complex non-linear relationships between the input factors and the responses. Through the optimization process, an optimal combination of input factors is identified, which yields a significant improvement in heat transfer efficiency and a reduction in thermodynamic irreversibility. The findings provide valuable insights for the design and optimization of thermal systems, enabling engineers to make data-driven decisions to enhance performance and efficiency while minimizing energy losses.