A Simple Approach for Equivalent Circuits of Microstrip Bend and Tee Discontinuity Elements

This paper describes a simple approach to find the equivalent circuits of microstrip bend and Tee discontinuity elements which are widely used in microwave circuits. In order to find the equivalent circuit elements, S-parameters obtained through electromagnetic (EM) simulation and simple network analysis theory are adopted instead of conventional difficult electromagnetic equations and/or numerical methods. The EM simulated S-parameters of bend and Tee elements are converted into Z-parameters. Simple network analysis theories are applied to the Z-parameters for finding the equivalent circuit elements. The calculated S-parameters of the extracted equivalent circuits are in good agreement with EM simulation. In addition, the measured S-parameters, which agree well with simulation, are presented to verify the validity of the proposed method.