Non-Destructive Ethanol-Aqueous Solution with Modified Jerusalem Resonator for Disinfectants Against COVID-19 Characterization

This paper describes a liquid-mixture sensor based on a mushroom-shaped zeroth-order resonator (ZOR). The Jerusalem-shaped mushroom-like structure is designed to reduce the dimensions of a resonator and provide a high Q-factor with an operating frequency of 5.90 GHz. Using perturbation theory, every dielectric property of the liquid-mixture influences the resonance frequency. The structure of the sensor is composed of the modified Jerusalem resonator and 3D-printed case for locking the liquid under test (LUT) to reduce the problematic error from position measurement. Five Ethanol-aqueous concentrations, e.g., 60%, 65%, 70%, 75% and 80%, are chosen to investigate the responsibility of the modified Jerusalem resonator. By detecting the change in resonant frequency of the reflection coefficient, S11, the measured results can classify five conditions of the LUT. Other benefits of the zeroth-order resonator sensor include a nondestructive method, real-time monitoring, and no life-cycle limitation.