Application of Remote Sensing and Modelling Method in Effective Mitigating Anthropogenic Disasters due to Sea Tin Mining Activities around Bangka Belitung’s Marine Conservation Region

The Bangka Belitung Islands Province, Indonesia is one of the regions with the largest tin reserves in the world. Recently, tin mining activities shifted significantly toward the sea which threatened the environment, one of which is the sedimentation due to the tailing process. On the other hand, in 2020, Bangka Belitung Island Province allocated around 14,74% of seas region as the marine conservation area. This research will extend the previous research by using the remote sensing method to overview the Total Suspended Solid (TSS) distribution due to sea tin mining activities in the past few years and predict the TSS distribution by using the modelling method which will be focused on the Bangka Belitung’s marine conservation region. Based on the satellite imagery analysis, the radius of TSS distribution could be wider on the offshore tin mining activities than on the nearby shoreline. Furthermore, the modelling of TSS distribution shows that the offshore tin mining tailings process will cause a high distribution of TSS around the marine conservation region and could harm the food chain and reduce the productivity of the marine ecosystems.