Microstrip Patch Antenna with Luneburg Lens for 5G Applications

This paper describes the simulation result on a millimeter wave microstrip patch antenna with Luneburg lens for 5G beamforming application. The proposed design utilized a microstrip patch antenna with complementary split ring resonator at the ground plane feeding a plate Luneburg lens designed to achieve narrow beam (10°) at 28 GHz frequency. The size of the patch antenna is 8 mm × 8mm and produced 0.66 GHz bandwidth with 6 dB gain, and 76% efficiency at the desired frequency. Some of the advantages of the proposed method are the 133.33% increase of radiation gain and the narrow beam output from the lens. However, the structure experiences 19.73% decrease in total efficiency. Then, the number of patch antenna is increased to 5 and the result shows beam overlap at -5 dB. From the result, it is confirmed that the combination of MPA with CSRR and the plate Luneburg lens have narrow beam performance with increased gain. This work could contribute to compact beamforming and beam scanning application in millimeter wave frequency.