A low-cost IoT-based Smart Farming System For Crop Recommendation and Resource Management

Agriculture not only plays a significant role in a nation’s economic development but is also the key to the survival of all life forms on this planet. Crop production has been immensely affected by global warming and the drastic changes in overall climate and rainfall patterns. Farmers who used to manually choose which crop to grow in a specific region given the soil, water, and atmospheric conditions can no longer do so owing to this change. Emerging technologies can be used to improve crop productivity by switching from traditional farming practices to relying on Machine Learning algorithms to monitor the soil and water quality along with the atmospheric conditions and to recommend the crops suitable to be grown based on these monitored factors. Having Internet of Things (IoT) work alongside Artificial Intelligence in our “Smart Farming System” has resulted in a powerful tool that will help farmers choose the right crop to grow. The soil parameters like soil nitrogen, soil phosphorus, soil potassium, soil moisture, and soil pH are gathered from the sensors using IoT. Similarly, atmospheric temperature is collected from another sensor using IoT. These values are fed into a chosen Machine Learning model, which performs the crop prediction. This prediction result is then sent to the mobile application, which acts as the User Interface (UI). This mobile application recommends suitable crops to farmers based on the parameter values collected from their fields and displayed on the application.