Realizing Joint Communication and Sensing RF Receiver Front-Ends: A Survey

Joint Communication and radio Sensing (JC&S) has gained significant attention over the past few years. The advantages of this technology include reduced cost, size and power consumption. With further advancements in JC&S systems, it can potentially be used in next-generation cellular networks, internet-of-things and upcoming applications such as Industry 4.0, where a single system is capable of performing a wide variety of functions or tasks. The inclusion of this technology will result in improved performance and safety of the systems. Even though communication and radio sensing make use of a similar Radio Frequency (RF) front-end, the specifications for both these technologies mainly differ in terms of bandwidth and linearity. In this survey, a detailed study of the specifications of radar and communication systems was conducted. For the RF front-end to operate efficiently in both radar and communication modes, there must be reconfigurability in terms of frequency, bandwidth, gain and linearity. In this survey, we investigated different frequency, bandwidth, gain and linearity reconfigurable low noise amplifier (LNA) and down-conversion mixer architectures. The merits and demerits of each architecture are discussed and a summary of the performance of the reconfigurable LNAs and down-conversion mixers in the literature is presented. Finally, possible topologies for JC&S are deduced based on their performance.