Signal Attenuation Modeling and Simulation for 5G and Beyond P2P Wireless Communication Networks in FR2 Bands: Comparison within M-Region in Nigeria

ITU-R categorized Nigeria into four rain regions (i.e., M, N, P, and Q) depending on the atmospheric conditions. Previous works that have conducted rain and attenuation modeling and simulations have assumed similar signal propagation behavior and parameters within locations categorized under the same region. This paper aims to explore these assumptions by conducting an extensive radio propagation simulations of point-to-point microwave links with a clear line-of-sight in order to estimate the total path loss (attenuation), excess path loss, and flat fade margins for each of the locations within the M-regions, i.e., Kano, Sokoto, and Adamawa. Results obtained showed that in all the locations, the loss monotonically increases with distance, with Sokoto having the highest level of signal losses and fading, while, Adamawa has the lowest. The deviation for both total loss, excess loss, and flat fading margin was found to be between 15 dB across the region.