Algebraic Fault Analysis of GIFT_64_128 Block Cipher Based on Hardware Trojan

Based on the algebraic fault analysis method, a new hardware trojan is proposed to implement fault injection of cryptographic chip on FPGA. A random state value is used to realize the activation circuit and a single XOR-gate is used to realize the bit-flipping at a specific position. Set up a variety of random state sequences to achieve multiple single-bit fault injections. According to the algebraic properties of the GIFT_64_128 block cipher, using the algebraic fault analysis method, the key can be solved by at least 12 single-bit faults based on the fault ciphertexts and incorrect encryption information generated by the faults. The number of faults required is significantly reduced compared to existing methods.