DANCE: Dynamic Anchor Node-Based Cooperative Enhancement of Wireless Indoor Localization for Internet of Things

With the recent widespread use of ultra-high-speed, ultra-low-latency wireless sensor network applications, the demand for location-based services in wireless indoor environments is increasing. In addition, wireless sensors are used to improve industrial productivity and safety using cyberphysical system automatic control technology. However, wireless sensor devices have limited computing power and battery capacity, making frequent trilateration operations or complex machine learning-based operations challenging. Therefore, this study proposes a dynamic anchor node-based cooperative enhancement (DANCE) technique that improves accuracy and reduces computation costs compared to the conventional trilateration method. The proposed DANCE technique improves localization efficiency and accuracy by adjusting the number of anchor nodes used for localization according to the node's speed. Experimental results demonstrated that when the fading index
$m$
was 1 in Nakagami-m fading and the node to be localized was at an average speed of 1–5 m/s, the error rate decreased by at least 24.5% compared to the conventional method, and the computation cost was reduced by at least 8.4% compared to the conventional method.