Closed-Loop AUV Temperature Control Using Internet of Underwater Things-Based Multi-Node Underwater Communication

As the Internet of Things has become an integral part of the modern digitized society, connecting devices in real-time and exchanging data, its limitation to land needs to be overcome. To reduce the human effort in underwater applications, AUVs have played a significant role in underwater surveillance, oceanography, marine defence systems and environment monitoring. A significant challenge exists in underwater communication due to the limited range and harsh underwater environment that can cause attenuation and distortion. As the temperature in deep waters varies, the AUVs need to balance the inside temperature at an ambient condition for its batteries and electronics to perform at maximum efficiency. A temperature-dependent closed loop system is implemented for remote access and AUV protection, which uses an underwater radio frequency-based communication system along with the Internet of Things to transmit data from water to land for monitoring purposes. The battery temperature and other parameter data are transmitted from the AUV to the land through radio communication using the multi-node system for faster communication over a longer range. The data is then uploaded to the cloud using the internet. With the help of IoT, the control centre can access AUV data remotely and control the temperature in the AUV for the efficient performance of the battery. The overall system has been demonstrated using embedded system sensors and actuators and RF transmitters with Arduino and ESP32.