Research on the Interface Design of a Situational Awareness-Based Spinal Endoscopic Surgery Robot

Objective: Through the research, practice, and evaluation of the design of a human-machine interaction interface for a situational awareness-based spinal endoscopic surgery robot, this study aims to provide guidance for the design of human-machine interfaces for surgical robots. Methods: Focusing on the SNS interface in spinal endoscopic surgery as the primary subject of research, we identified the process and application scenarios of doctors using this function during surgery through field research and literature review. We then developed two functional frameworks and human-machine interfaces based on augmented reality algorithms. Finally, eight participants took part in an evaluation of the surgical human-machine interface. Feasibility verification was conducted through objective performance evaluation and subjective scale testing (3D-SART and NASA-TLX scales) on information architecture design, prototype output, and rendering design practices. Conclusion: Through the design of a human-machine interaction interface for a spinal endoscopic surgery robot based on augmented reality, the usability of the interface can be improved, reducing the cognitive load of operators.