Distributed Energy Trading Model for Multiple Microgrids Based on Blockchain Technology and the Gale-Shapley Algorithm

The distributed trading of power among multi-microgrid clusters has the potential to enhance energy mutual aid between microgrids in a region and improve local consumption of renewable energy. However, the primary objective of each microgrid entity is profit maximization, and the conventional mode of transaction based on price matching may result in serious breaches of contract by users. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-microgrid distributed energy trading model based on blockchain technology and Gale-Shapley algorithm. First, each microgrid entity constructs user preference indicators, such as the maximum available power, user reputation, and price, to evaluate and score both parties involved in the transaction. Second, a bilateral matching mechanism based on the Gale-Shapley algorithm is proposed, which ensures stable matching results for buyers and sellers in the two-way selection of the trading market. Third, to guarantee the secure operation of the distribution network, a method for verifying the transaction matching results using a distribution network security constraint checking technique is proposed. Finally, the rationality of the transaction model is demonstrated through verification on the Matlab simulation platform.