Comparative Modeling and Analysis of EMT and Phasor RMS Grid-Forming Converters Under Different Power System Dynamics

The article presents a comparative analysis of phasor RMS and Electromagnetic transients (EMT) models for grid-forming converters. The specific aspects related to modeling and implementation in Simscape Electrical of MATLAB/Simulink are discussed in detail for both time-domains. The comparison between the implementations is performed taking into examination three representative and widely studied grid-forming schemes: the virtual synchronous machine, the power-synchronization control, and the feedforward angle control. For the analysis, different power system dynamics are emulated, and different types of transient phenomena are applied in the simulation models. The considered events include frequency transients, phase jumps, and short-circuit faults. The comparative analysis suggests specific indications regarding limitations and suitability of phasor RMS and EMT models for grid-forming converters, contributing to the definition of possible guidelines for a proper selection of the modeling domain.