Gradient-Based Design Metrics for Assessment of Underwater Image Enhancement

Gradient-based focus metrics are critical in evaluating and enhancing underwater images. Light attenuation, dispersion, and color distortion all contribute to poor image quality in underwater conditions. Various improvement approaches are used to improve these images, and gradient-based focus measures are useful tools for objectively evaluating their effectiveness. Gradient-based metrics, such as Tenengrad (TENG), Variance of Laplacian (LAPV), and Steerable Filters-based (SFIL), evaluate the sharpness and detail enhancement in underwater images by assessing local intensity variations and pixel value changes. These measures highlight regions with fine features, edges, and intensity changes, all of which are important for assessing enhancement quality. The sharper the zone, the higher the metric value, suggesting a successful upgrade. Pre-processing is required for underwater image enhancement evaluation. These measurements pinpoint areas with fine features, edges, and intensity transitions-all of which are essential for assessing the quality of an enhancement. The sharper the zone, which denotes a good augmentation, the higher the metric value. Applying the enhancement method, calculating the focus metric values for the original and enhanced images, and preprocessing to remove noise and rectify color distortions are all steps in the evaluation of underwater image improvement. Researchers can compare these metric values to objectively quantify improvements in image sharpness and detail enhancement, which helps with algorithm selection and parameter adjustment. Gradient-based focus metrics help increase marine research, underwater exploration, and surveillance by offering useful information about the effectiveness of underwater image-enhancing methods. These measures guarantee accurate and trustworthy visual data, advancing the comprehension of the underwater environment.