μARCHIFI: Formal Modeling and Verification Strategies for Microarchitectural Fault Injections

This paper introduces μARCHiFI, an open-source tool dedicated to the formal modeling and verification of microarchitecture-level fault injections and their effects on complex hardware/software systems. First, we address the problem of the system modeling, and our implementation is integrated into the Yosys toolchain. Second, we introduce verification strategies to evaluate the fault effects for software-level security. We demonstrated the practical use of μARCHiFI on RISC-V use cases using state-of-the-art model-checking tools for hardware verification.