A Full 3D Imaging Approach for Contactless GPR

This study deals with a full 3D imaging approach for contactless GPR data. The approach belongs to the family of linear microwave tomographic procedures, it takes into account the vectorial nature of the scattering phenomenon, and it exploits a ray-based model of the signal propagation in an inhomogeneous scenario. Specifically, the kernel of the integral equation to be inverted is evaluated by exploiting the concept of the interface reflection point. The formulation of the approach and numerical results, assessing the imaging capabilities, are provided.