Simulation of a Holistic Cluster-Based Incentive-Driven Load Flow Control in a Hardware-in-the-Loop Setup

This paper aims to present the first results of a cluster-oriented, motivation-based energy management system integrated in a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) realtime demonstration to test state-optimized (e.g., load-flow-optimized, charge-state-optimized, etc.) controls for electric car charging infrastructures in realtime. Among other things, special attention is paid to the charging system controls to be simulatively introduced into the real sub-network with its realtime load values, since this requires a load flow estimation in order to be able to provide all sub-network loads as completely as possible for subsequent network analyses, even under the load conditions changed by the charging systems. The simulative replication of the charging systems is carried out using an externally operated hardware network simulator, by means of real measurement technology, so that the subordinate information channels and response times for the motivation-based energy management can also be mapped in real terms without influencing the network operation.