Providing grid services with an electric car-sharing fleet - a Swiss case study

This paper investigates the provision of grid services with an electric car-sharing fleet with V2G technology. The business environment includes a fleet operator (FO), a charge point operator (CPO), a grid service aggregator (GSA), and grid operators as main business actors. In this context, data and technical requirements are analysed and mapped to business actors to identify best practices in V2G technology. As a result we create a data model that serves as a basic structure to identify interoperability and performance bottlenecks. To investigate the provision of grid services a simulation tool is implemented as a cloud based application. The provision of frequency containment reserve (FCR) is illustrated with simple dispatching algorithms following Swissgrid's specifications that define the maximum marketable power for bidding. This analysis is useful as preliminary evaluation of compliance towards pre-qualification. Metrics to evaluate the economic benefit when providing a grid service are also implemented and calculated based on historical data.