BSCCO Terahertz Oscillators Controlled With Additional Heaters

Terahertz (THz) oscillators based on the cuprate superconductor Bi
$_{2}$
Sr
$_{2}$
CaCu
$_{2}$
O
$_{8+\delta }$
(BSCCO) often suffer from Joule heating produced by the dissipative currents flowing in the oscillator. In the presence of strong heating the temperature in the mesa structure forming the oscillator is non-uniformly distributed, and the local temperature may exceed the critical temperature. In our study we have numerically investigated the properties of the BSCCO oscillators by using 3D coupled sine-Gordon equations combined with the heat-diffusion equations. We propose to use additional heating elements located at the edges of the mesa to homogenize and control the stack temperature. We analyze and discuss the effect of the heating elements on the electromagnetic and thermal properties of the mesa structures. At least in some cases the additional heaters might be helpful for improving the THz emission power.