Power Quality Parameters as Energy Performance Indicator of Buildings with Photovoltaic Distributed Generation

The electricity distribution system is going through a period of great transformations, arising from several factors from technological advances to regulatory changes, changing the traditional relationships between customers, energy market, and operators of distribution systems. Among the technological factors, distributed energy resources (DERs) stand out, which, in addition to being a good operational and economic alternative, contextualizes and contributes to the energy transition scenario. In Brazil, distributed generation, especially photovoltaic, is expanding significantly, adding the power customer to the role of supplier of excess energy to the electrical grid. In this context, this work is situated, considering photovoltaic generation and energy efficiency as distributed energy resources, customer units in two different parts of the country were used as a living laboratory, one in the semi-arid region of the Brazilian Northeast and the other in the Center region West with tropical climate, both with excellent values of direct normal irradiation, but with temperature variations throughout the year, providing the comparison and analysis of the behavior of the installed load and photovoltaic generation, through the determination of energy performance indicators. Parameters of power and energy, total and individual harmonic distortion, direct normal irradiance, and ambient temperature were used as study variables to characterize and correlate both with the performance of distributed generation and with energy efficiency actions in air conditioning. Energy performance indicators (EnPI) are mainly used in energy management systems, however, this work deals with the extrapolation of their application, to contribute to the operational and market areas, considering scenarios of use of multiple distributed energy resources, in which through the indicators it becomes possible to quantify and compare the performance between these resources.