A Circuit Designer's Perspective on Transistor Modelling Challenges for 6G, Fiberoptics, and Quantum Computing ICs

This paper reviews how HBT and FET compact models should be effectively used in the initial design of mm-wave 6G and fiberoptics circuits above 100 GHz and suggests which high frequency core model parameters and RCL parasitics require refinements. The latter are in part limited by on-die transistor S-parameter measurement and de-embedding inaccuracies at J-Band. Finally, we discuss the compact model research challenges that remain in capturing optimal noise figure current density and quantum phenomena at cryogenic temperatures, and the numerical convergence issues observed in existing commercial SiGe BiCMOS and CMOS process design kits below 20 K.