Three-Dimensional Energy Selection Surfaces Based on Waveguides

In this paper, three-dimensional energy selection surfaces (ESSs) based on metal waveguides are presented. The ESSs allow for transmission of incident electromagnetic signals when the power is low, but reflect and suppress the high-power signals. The two states are achieved through PIN diodes with nonlinear characteristics. Full-wave simulations of the ESS were performed using CST software. The simulation results demonstrate that the single-polarized ESS provides a -3dB passband of 6.5 ~ 7.5GHz under low power incidence, and a −20dB ultra-wideband suppression of 0 ~ 21GHz under high power incidence. Furthermore, the dual-polarized ESS was optimized to achieve a -3dB passband of 8.75 ~ 9.4GHz under low power incidence and a -20dB ultra-wideband suppression of 0 ~ 15GHz under high power incidence.