Enhancing Security and Optimization in Smart Grids: A Comprehensive Analysis

This study examines the security risks posed by IoT-based smart grid equipment and proposes practical mitigation measures. Smart grids offer benefits such as improved service quality, cost reduction, and energy stability through advanced technology and intelligent devices. However, their internet connectivity makes them susceptible to cyberattacks, necessitating in-depth research and security precautions. The study focuses on key components like smart meters, smart microgrids, and smart inverters that enable efficient energy management and integration of renewable sources. It identifies vulnerabilities and investigates security flaws. Denial-of-service attacks pose a significant risk to smart meters, while malware attacks compromise operations and data privacy. Fake data injection attacks and latency disruptions affect smart microgrids. To address these risks, the study suggests tactics such as anomaly detection, binary visualization, differential privacy techniques, authentication systems, and blockchain technology. These measures detect cyber-attacks, expose malware, preserve data privacy, ensure authorized access, and enhance the security of smart grids through decentralized connections and consensus processes. Overall, this study offers practical mitigation measures to enhance the security and integrity of IoT-based smart grid equipment, enabling reliable and resilient grid operations.