The Impact of Cold Storage on the Microwave Dielectric Properties of Normal Human Urine

The dielectric properties of human tissues are important parameters in the design and development of microwave medical devices and the assessment of safety of wireless and wearable technologies. These properties of biological tissues are known to vary based on temperature and tissue handling procedures. In this work, we study the effect of refrigeration and freezing on the dielectric properties of normal human urine samples across the microwave frequency range.