Improved Gravitational Search Algorithm based Hysteresis controller for Grid integrated SPV system

Newton’s law of gravity has served as a source of inspiration for numerous optimization techniques across various research fields, both directly and indirectly. Among these techniques is the Improved Gravitational Search Algorithm (IGSA), approach has been successfully employed to address optimization challenges within the realm of engineering disciplines. IGSA draws motivation from gravity-related theories and has been adapted into different variants, including real, discrete, binary, single-objective, and multi-objective GSA, to address various engineering challenges. In this research article, the designing of PI controller of MPPT and IGSA along with the Hysteresis controller to address the SPV grid-connected issues, particularly during partial shading conditions. MATLAB Simulink-based model has been used to validate the proposed model.