An Optimal Multi-Mode Power Allocation Strategy for Fuel Cell and Battery Hybrid System Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

Fuel cell vehicles are the ideal direction for the development of new energy vehicles in the future. In order to improve the dynamic performance of fuel cell systems, fuel cells are usually used in combination with lithium batteries, supercapacitors or other energy storage devices. Its energy management strategy is a top priority for hybrid energy to improve its performance. In this paper, a multi-mode power allocation strategy based on a rule-based method is proposed for its fuel cell and lithium battery hybrid system. On this basis, In order to enhance the system's dynamic performance and cut down on its hydrogen consumption, a strategy of using the adaptive inertia weight particle swarm optimization algorithm is developed to optimize the parameters of the rule-based power allocation algorithm is proposed. In order to make the strategy suitable for different road conditions, a driving cycle including three types of different road conditions is proposed. The suggested power distribution plan was then tested using a mixed drive cycle. The results of the simulations indicate that the suggested EMS approach may successfully cut the hydrogen consumption by 8.9% while increasing the lithium batteries' range of use.