A Persistent Subsidence in the Jakarta Metropolitan Region from 2017 to 2022, with CPT-InSAR Using Sentinel-1 Data

Subsidence is a serious obstacle to the goal of sustainable urban development. In this paper, the Jakarta Metropolitan Region (JMR) was focused on and the Coherent Pixels Technique Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (CPT-InSAR) technology was utilized to process 320 Sentinel-l SAR images from 2017 to 2022. The results revealed the spatiotemporal characteristics of JMR's surface subsidence in the past six years and showed that there was a long-term large-area subsidence phenomenon, especially in the northwest of Jakarta and the central Bekasi Regency with the maximum subsidence rate remaining about 70 mm each year. At this rate of sinking, JMR will face the danger of sinking into the sea, especially in the northwest of Jakarta and the north Tangerang Regency. There are about 10.4% of the JMR will be inundated by the sea in the future. Therefore, it is necessary and significant to monitor the deformation of the JMR to understand the real-time changes and take appropriate measures.