Mathematical Model of Dynamic Calcium Oscillations by Multiple Release Mechanisms

The calcium oscillations in the cytosol [Ca
²
+] and the mitochondria [Ca
²
+]mit are studied theoretically via a mathematical modeling base approach. The Ca
²
+ induced Ca
²
+ release (CICR) process by opening the inositol-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R) is considered. The main pool of calcium is the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is focused. The simple kinetic mechanisms for mitochondrial Ca
²
+ uptake and Ca
²
+ release are used. However, a model is constructed that predicts the [Ca
²
+] and [Ca
²
+] mit oscillations. The dynamic characteristics of the mathematical model are examined using bifurcation analysis.