DeepMA: End-to-End Deep Multiple Access for Wireless Image Transmission in Semantic Communication

Semantic communication is a new paradigm that exploits deep learning models to enable end-to-end (E2E) communications processes, and recent studies have shown that it can achieve better noise resiliency compared with traditional communication schemes in a low signal-to-noise (SNR) regime. To achieve multiple access in semantic communication, we propose a deep learning-based multiple access (DeepMA) method by training semantic communication models with the abilities of joint source-channel coding (JSCC) and orthogonal signal modulation. DeepMA is achieved by a DeepMA network (DMANet), which is comprised of several independent encoder-decoder pairs (EDPs), and the DeepMA encoders can encode the input data as mutually orthogonal semantic symbol vectors (SSVs) such that the DeepMA decoders can detect and recover their own target data from a received mixed SSV (MSSV) superposed by multiple SSV components transmitted from different encoders. We describe frameworks of DeepMA in wireless device-to-device (D2D), downlink, and uplink channel multiplexing scenarios, along with the training algorithm. We evaluate the performance of the proposed DeepMA in wireless image transmission tasks and compare its performance with the attention module-based deep JSCC (ADJSCC) method and conventional communication schemes using better portable graphics (BPG) and Low-density parity-check code (LDPC). The results obtained show that the proposed DeepMA can achieve effective, flexible, and privacy-preserving channel multiplexing process, and demonstrate that our proposed DeepMA approach can yield comparable bandwidth efficiency compared with conventional multiple access schemes.