Blockchain Adoption for a Sustainable Agricultural Supply Chain: Opportunities and Challenges for the Dairy Industry

Blockchain is a decentralized and tamper-resistant digital ledger technology that records and stores transactions or information in a secure and transparent manner across a network of computers. Each transaction, or “block,” is linked to the previous one, creating a continuous chain of information. This technology ensures data integrity, transparency, and trust among participants, as changes to the blockchain require consensus from the network, making it highly resistant to manipulation or unauthorized alterations. It is a technology that has the potential to dramatically transform the supply chains. This study investigates the opportunities and challenges of blockchain technology in transforming supply chains, and the legitimacy of its implementation into the dairy industry. By conducting a comprehensive review of recent literature at the intersection of blockchain, sustainable supply chain, and the dairy supply chain, this paper aims to determine the best blockchain-based solution for improving the efficiency and sustainability of dairy supply chains.