2D-DOA Estimation in Multipath Using EMVS Rectangle Array

As one of the possible trends for B5G/6G, millimeter wave large-scale sensitive array has many potential advantages, as it enables the estimation of two-dimensional direction of arrival (2D-DOA) and polarization characteristics. In this paper, we revisit the 2D-DOA estimation problem in an EMVS rectangle array under multipath propagation. An improved subspace estimator is proposed, which addresses the rank-deficit problem through matrix arrangement, and the 2D-DOA parameters are estimated via combining normalized vector cross-product with least squares method. Our proposed method is suitable for a single snapshot scenario and offers superior accuracy compared to existing methods. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified via simulations.