Digital Twin Approach for Current Protection Relays: Utilizing Real-Time Data for Optimal Protection

This paper presents an innovative digital twin approach to improve current protection relays in hydroelectric power plants, focusing on Balkaya Hydroelectric Power Plant (HEPP) as a practical case study. The proposed system utilizes real-time data to create a digital replica of the physical relay, adhering to industry standards like IEC, IEEE, and UK for protection. The development process details seamless data integration from Balkaya HEPP, with continuous real-time current monitoring by the digital twin. Advanced data analytics coupled with real-time monitoring enhance accuracy, speed, and flexibility in current protection. The paper explores diverse protection scenarios, testing the digital twin model under different conditions by simulating potential threats, evaluating its performance, compliance with international standards, and highlighting key advantages. The study showcases the digital twin's potential to transform energy sector protection systems, optimize measures, and expedite responses to abnormalities, thereby significantly enhancing the safety and stability of hydroelectric power plants.