Non-firm grid connections for low-voltage generators: a case study

Since 2021 in France, non-firm connection offers to the distribution grid must legally be made available to connection applicants at their request. This type of flexible connection, which is especially suitable for generators, is indeed considered as a way to reduce the costs and delays that hinder the development of distributed renewable energy resources. In practice however, non-firm connections are only emerging, and there is still some debate regarding how frequently this approach would make economic sense - especially at the low-voltage levels where the individual economic stakes are low. We investigate this issue by analysing the relevance of non-firm grid connection for a set of real-world LV-level photovoltaic projects.