Triangular-Shaped Patch Antenna with Insertion of DGS for 5G Wireless Applications

An analysis of an equilateral triangular microstrip patch antenna is addressed in the paper, with the antenna having a compact dimension of
$34\text{mm}\times 29\text{mm}\times 1.6\text{mm}$
. The patch of the antenna is built on a dielectric substrate with its opposite face grounded and the comparative devise of plane ground and the defective ground is performed. Initially, results for a triangular patch antenna with the plane ground are examined and defects are introduced to its ground, to further optimize the results. With the insertion of square defects in the ground, better bandwidth is attained; also, the matching of impedance at the resonance of 4.5GHz is achieved. The gain of the antenna is improved from 3.80 dB to 3.92 dB.