Challenges Issue and Application of Wireless Sensor Networks: A Systematic Literature Review

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become integral to the Internet of Things (IoT) industry. In WSN, power consumption is essential as most sensor nodes are battery-operated and need to be replaced or recharged periodically. Therefore, energy-efficient protocols are essential to prolong the lifetime of WSNs and ensure their optimal performance. This article also describes an overview of the energy-saving wireless sensor network protocols that have been proposed and implemented in recent years and also describes future research directions in this area. Challenges and applications of WSN are described efficiently so that a group of research scholars can understand the advantage and disadvantages of WSN.