Additional logic for Alpha Plane Algorithm under Ground faults

Transmission lines are protected by the phase-based Alpha Plane Relaying method. Because of the large Restraining Region (RR), there is strong security against synchronization errors, channel delay, CT saturation, and line charging current. However, under outfeed situations, when connected to a ground with high resistance, the APR becomes less sensitive. (HRF) faults. Decreasing dependability in the presence of three-phase faults with low resistance and close-in faults. Thus, the sequence-based APR offers increased sensitivity at the expense of computational complexity and burden. As a result, this study uses the concept of the average value (I
Avg
) of both end instantaneous currents. In which, high resistance internal faults are confirmed using the polarity of I
Avg
as an add-on logic to the traditional APR. By doing this, Negative and zero can be used to avoid the need for sequence components. The proposed auxiliary logic for the 9-bus, 110 kV is examined, 50 Hz WSCC (Western System Coordinating Council) System in order to validate it. The simulated outcomes under different failure scenarios discovered authenticated outcomes.