Dual-Band Two-Port MIMO Antenna for Biomedical Deep Tissue Communication: Design, Characterization, and Performance Analysis

The demand for wireless communication in biomedical applications is increasing, thereby necessitating the development of reliable and efficient communication systems that can operate within the human body. This study introduces a novel dual-band two-port multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) implantable antenna for deep tissue purposes with an overall size of
$10.8\times 5.6\times0.254$
mm3 = 15.3 mm3. The proposed MIMO antenna operates in the 915 and 2450 MHz industrial scientific medical bands with a measured bandwidth of 82.5, 148.5 MHz (port 1) and 130, 89 MHz (port 2), in addition peak realized gains of −32.15 and −22.2 dBi, respectively, are observed. High-measured port isolation (over 20 dB and 30 dB at 915 and 2450 MHz bands, respectively) was accomplished by means of meandered resonators. The determined specific absorption rate was within the safe limits. The MIMO performance factors, for instance, the envelope correlation coefficient and diversity gain, were also evaluated and determined to be in the acceptable range. According to our knowledge, this is the first dual-band implantable MIMO antenna developed for biomedical applications. The results from the simulations and measurements indicate that the developed antenna holds great promise for enabling effective communication within the human body for biomedical applications.