Human Values-Driven User Requirements with the ACT Matrix: An eExam Case Study

Software systems are increasingly being used to mediate stressful life events that have lasting implications on individuals' well-being. To assist users in attaining their best outcomes, while managing uncomfortable feelings, requirements engineers need to consider the sociotechnical aspects of a system. They should consider the values driving user needs as well as the technical aspects. In this paper, we present a novel approach of using the ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy) Matrix as a method for eliciting human values-driven user requirements. The ACT Matrix is a visual mapping tool, originally used by psychotherapists to assist their clients to focus on valued actions despite uncomfortable feelings, to achieve long-term health and well-being outcomes. Our main research question aimed to answer whether the ACT Matrix instrument is an effective tool for requirements engineers to elicit values-driven user requirements that can be implemented to improve a sociotechnical system. We present our case study of applying this method to a system which mediates university exams. We report on methodology and study design, and present preliminary results with examples of values-driven user requirements. The pros and cons of our approach are discussed from both a human values and requirements engineering perspective, and recommendations are made.