Joint Scattering and Reflection Impulse Response Modeling for Non-Line-of-Sight Underwater Wireless Optical Links

In non-line-of-sight underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) links, the signal can relay on reflection from the sea surface or scattering by particles to reach the receiver, thus addressing the problem of communication interruptions caused by obstacles. In this paper, Based on the Fournier-Forand mode of scattering phase function and Fresnel's law, the impulse response of the channel jointly considering scattering and reflection is obtained based on Monte Carlo simulation for turbid underwater environment including coastal and harbor water. A simple closed-form mathematical expression of weighted double Gamma function is adopted to characterize the simulated channel impulse response (CIR) by curve fitting approach. Numerical results suggest that the weighted double Gamma function fits well with the CIR in turbid water.