Co-Simulation Model for Optimal Wind-Hydro Coordination Using Wind Farm Control Dynamics

The growing share of Variable Renewable Energy Sources (VRES) in power systems presents challenges for regu-lators, grid operators and energy producers, due to their limited flexibility in operation. To address these challenges, decision-makers must consider multiple objectives, including revenue, power system services and mechanical load on wind turbines. Coordinated operation of power plants and different wind farm control strategies are examples of measures that can benefit these objectives. This article presents a Multi-Objective Linear Programming (MOLP) model to optimize wind and hydropower projects with limited transmission capacity. It incorporates wind farm control dynamics to estimate power output and damage. A case study in Norway demonstrates the impact of wind-hydro coordination and wind farm management on cumulative turbine damages and total revenue. The study also investigates the benefits of variable-speed pumps in hydropower plants. Results show that optimizing multiple objectives improves the performance, with Pump Hydro Storage (PHS) allowing for better revenue and reduced wind power curtailment. However, no substantial difference is observed comparing a variable-speed pump to a fixed-speed pump.