2-D Tungsten Diselenide Nanoflakes for Selective Dopamine Sensing

A electrochemical biosensor based on a 2-D tungsten diselenide (WSe2) nanoflakes electrode was developed for highly selective detection of dopamine (DA). The DA sensors were fabricated by modifying carbon cloth (CC) with optimized loading of tungsten WSe2 nanoflakes. The material properties and sensor characterization were investigated by scanning electron microscopic, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and Mott–Schottky analysis. The sensor exhibited a large active working area with an average sensitivity of
$1.6325\,\,\mu \text {A}\cdot \mu \text{M}^{-{1}} \cdot \text {cm}^{{2}}$
and a normalized sensitivity of
$0.16\,\,\mu \text{M}^{-{1}}$
with a limit of detection (LoD) of 4 nM. The sensors were highly selective with respect to sucrose, L-cysteine, uric acid (UA), glucose, ascorbic acid (AA), and fructose.