Resource Allocation for Joint Communication and Positioning in mmWave Ad Hoc Networks

Joint communication and positioning will be a critical driver in future wireless networks for emerging application areas. Supporting mobility, Ad-hoc networks can freely and dynamically self-organize an arbitrary and temporary network topology without any pre-existing infrastructure. Combined with millimeter-wave (mmWave), Ad-hoc networks can construct communication links with less time and higher directivity due to directional antennas and building blockage. The wide spectrum of mmWave could provide a high-oriented channel for positioning, which is significant for multi-user conditions. In this article, we concentrate on high-efficiency algorithms to allocate spectrum and power to different services and achieve a performance tradeoff between the communication and positioning process. Besides, the severe interference between users would degrade the actual system performance. To address these challenges, this article proposes an optimal clustering algorithm based on the mmWave Line of Sight (LoS) probability to form two different sub-nets for communication and positioning services, respectively. Then, the available spectrum resources are divided into two parts for the above sub-nets under the Filtered-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (F-OFDM) technique, which could design sub-bands independently. Finally, we proposed an optimal algorithm to allocate sub-bands and power to improve the performance of the communication sub-net while guaranteeing the positioning performance in the corresponding sub-net. Numeric simulation results demonstrate that the proposed resource allocation algorithm could achieve better performance both in the communication and position process.