Joint Scheme for Electric Locomotive Evacuation and Distribution System Restoration With Faults of External Power Supply Systems

Electrified transportation facilitates carbon neutrality. The breakdown of fragile external power supply systems (EPSSs) results in power outages of distribution systems (DSs) and traction power supply systems, incurring significant economic losses and endangering passengers. In remote areas with limited power resources, mobile power sources are indispensable in an emergency, and their scheduling depends on the temporal–spatial status model. This study proposes a small-scale and effective temporal–spatial status model and an electrical traction load (ETL) model to schedule mobile emergency generators (MEGs) and locomotives. A joint scheme is proposed for electric locomotive evacuation (ELE) and DS restoration after power outages of the EPSS due to extreme events. To rescue the electric locomotive, power resources, including energy storage systems (ESSs), distributed generators (DGs), and MEGs, cooperate to maximize restored weighted loads. In addition, dynamic reconfiguration of DSs enhances topology flexibility. Following the entire optimization model being linearized into a mixed-integer linear programming form, it is solved rapidly using a devised iterative algorithm based on Lagrangian relaxation and decomposition. Numerical results on a modified 37-bus test system verify the rationality of the scheme and emphasized the significance of adequate resources.