Introduction and Development of Cyber Physical Systems in Smart Grid with Blockchain Technology to Enhance Sustainability

The need for increased sustainability and efficiency in the energy industry has led to a major increase in interest in the development of cyber-physical systems (CPS) in the smart grid domain in recent years. In the context of the smart grid, the term "CPS" refers to a network of physical objects, sensors, and communication systems that are interconnected and allow for the smooth exchange of data and control signals to optimize the production, distribution, and use of electricity. Demand response, energy management, and grid optimization are just a few of the smart grid applications that can be successfully implemented by utilizing CPS's capabilities. On the other side, blockchain technology provides a decentralized and secure framework for logging and validating transactions among numerous organizations. Since it is distributed, there is no need for middlemen, transparency is improved, and data integrity and immutability are all guaranteed. These qualities make blockchain an excellent choice for tackling the issues that the smart grid is facing, such as data privacy, security, and stakeholder confidence. There are many advantages to integrating blockchain and CPS in the smart grid. First and foremost, a decentralized and democratized energy market is made possible by blockchain, which enables safe and effective peer-to-peer energy trade among prosumers. This increases sustainability by encouraging the use of renewable energy sources and reducing dependency on centralized power generation. In conclusion, there is enormous potential for improving sustainability through the smart grid's integration of blockchain technology with cyber-physical systems.