A Low Reflection Loss 1-Bit Element for Reconfigurable Reflectarrays

In this paper, we present a 1-bit reconfigurable reflectarray element with low reflection loss. The proposed element consists of three substrate layers and a single PIN diode to realize reconfigurable performance. A radiating patch is printed on the top layer, and a slot is etched on the ground plane in the middle layer, where a PIN diode is loaded on the slot. By reducing the current flowing through the PIN diode, lower reflection loss is achieved in this work. The reflection loss of the proposed element is within 0.1 dB in both ON and OFF states of the PIN diode in the frequency range of 5 to 6.6GHz. Two phase states with a phase difference of
$180^{\circ}\pm 20^{\circ}$
are realized from 5.2 to 6.36GHz.